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Born Würzburg, Germany, 30 Jun 1884; entered 3 Royal Bavarian Field Artillery Regt, 1902; Second Lt, 1904; attended Artillery School, Munich, Germany, 1906-1907; attended Bavarian Staff College, 1911-1912; promoted to Lt, 1912; Ordnance Officer, 3 (Bavarian) Infantry Corps Headquarters, 1914; General Staff Officer, 6 (Bavarian) Div, 1915; Capt, 1915; Staff Officer, German 2 Army Headquarters, 1917; General Staff Officer, German 4 Army, 1917; General Staff Officer, Bavarian Cavalry Div, 1917; General Staff Officer, Supreme Commander, East, 1917; Staff Officer, German 15 Reserve Corps Headquarters, 1917; Staff Officer, Army Group Crown Prince Rupprecht, West, 1917; Adjutant, Bavarian General Staff, 1918; Training Branch, Reichswehr Ministry, 1919; Tactics Instructor, Staff Courses, Munich, Germany, 1921; Officer Commanding 4 Mountain Battery, 7 Artillery Regt; Maj, 1923; Director of General Staff Training, Munich, 1927-1929; Lt Col, 1929; Chief of Staff, Wehrkreis, the Divisional Military District of the German Army, Westphalia, 1931; Col, 1931; Maj Gen, 1934; General Officer Commanding, German 7 Div, 1935; Lt Gen, 1936; Commander, German Army Manoeuvres Staff, 1936; Head, Training Branch, General Staff of the Army, 1936; General of the Artillery, 1938; Chief of the General Staff, Oberkommando des Heeres (OKH), Supreme Command of the German Army, 1938; awarded Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross, 1939; suffered nervous collapse, having been forced to alter plans at the last moment for a German winter offensive in the West, 1940; Col Gen, 1940; instructed staff to formulate plans for an Eastern offensive, 1940; removed from office following the failure of German advances in the East, 1942; arrested by the Gestapo on suspicion of complicity in the Jul assassination attempt on Adolf Hitler's life, 1944; dismissed from the German Army, 1945; imprisoned at Flossenburg and Dachau concentration camps, 1945; prisoner of war, United States, 1945-1947; released, 1947; Head, Historical Liaison Group, Historical Division, US Army, 1948-1961; awarded Meritorious Civilian Service Award of the USA, 1961; died 2 Apr 1972; Halder's journal first published in translated form, 1950.

Born at Hesley Hall, near Doncaster, Yorkshire, 1857; educated at Shrewsbury School and Wren's; obtained a place in the Civil Service and entered the Public Record Office as a junior clerk, 1879; promoted to senior clerk, 1892; promoted to assistant keeper, 1912; acted as resident officer from 1891; as inspecting officer of records from 1905; retired in 1921; his official duties were in modern departmental records, but he increasingly spent his leisure in research on medieval history; literary director of the Royal Historical Society, 1891-1938; honorary secretary, 1894-1903; vice-president, 1923-1927; promoted its succession to the work of the defunct Camden Society, 1897; active in the Selden Society from 1894, and vice-president, 1939-1942; closely associated with Sidney and Beatrice Webb in their history of English local government (1906-1929) and in the foundation of the London School of Economics and Political Science, 1895; The Red Book of the Exchequer (1896), of which Hall succeeded W D Selby as editor, was criticized in J H Round's Studies on the Red Book of the Exchequer ; Reader in Palaeography and Economic History, University of London, 1896-1926; taught palaeography, diplomatic and economic history at the London School of Economics, 1896-1919; and at King's College London, 1919-1926; trained many contributors to the Victoria County History ; secretary of the Royal Commission on public records, 1910-1918; the chief author of the appendixes to its three reports, 1912-1919; honorary LittD, Cambridge University, 1920; Vice-President of the Historical Association, 1925-1929; Special Lecturer, London School of Economics, 1926-1930; Special Examiner, University of London, and member of the Palæography Sub-Committee, Institute of Historical Research, 1930-1938; supervised the arrangement of British family manuscripts in the Huntington Library, USA, 1931-1932; Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries; died in Rochester, 1944. Publications: Introduction to the Study of the Pipe Rolls (Pipe Roll Society, 1884); A History of the Custom-Revenue in England (1885); Society in the Elizabethan Age (1886); Court Life under the Plantagenets (1890); The Antiquities and Curiosities of the Exchequer (1891); succeeded W D Selby as editor of the 'Rolls Series' edition of The Red Book of the Exchequer (3 volumes, 1896); The Receipt Roll of the Exchequer for Michaelmas Term xxxi Henry II, AD 1185 (1899); The English Historical Review and the Red Book of the Exchequer [1899]; The Pipe Roll of the Bishopric of Winchester 1208-1209 (1903); The Commonwealth Charter of the City of Salisbury 1656 (1907); Studies in English Official Historical Documents (1908); Formula book of English official historical documents (1908-1909); Select Bibliography for the Study, Sources and Literature of English Mediaeval Economic History (1914); A Repertory of British Archives (1920); British Archives and the Sources for the History of the World War (1925); List and Index of the Publications of the Royal Historical Society, 1871-1924, and of the Camden Society, 1840-1897 (1925); contributions to historical and antiquarian journals.

Born 1921, Oxford; educated Leighton Park School, Reading, and British Institute in Paris, 1934-1939; joined Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve, 1940; commissioned as Pilot Officer, Sept 1941; joined 85 Squadron, Feb 1942; Flying Officer, Sept 1942; Flight Lieutenant, Sept 1943; joined 488 New Zealand Squadron, Allied Expeditionary Airforce, Nov 1943; Acting Squadron Leader, Sept 1945; retired with rank of Squadron Leader, Nov 1946; died 2003.

Born, Basford, near Nottingham, 1790; educated by the Rev J Blanchard of Nottingham; placed with a chemist at Newark, 1804, and studied chemistry and anatomy; medical student at Edinburgh University, 1809; Senior President, Royal Medical Society of Edinburgh, 1811; graduated M D, 1812; resident house physician, Edinburgh Royal Infirmary, 1812; gave a course of lectures on diagnosis, 1813; visited the medical schools of Paris, Göttingen, and Berlin, 1814-1815; practiced at Bridgewater, 1816; settled and practiced in Nottingham, 1817; published his work on 'Diagnosis'; Fellow, Royal Society of Edinburgh, 1818; Physician, Nottingham General Hospital, 1825; moved to London and set up practice, 1826; studied circulation of the blood in the minute vessels, and read several papers to the Royal Society in 1831; Fellow, Royal Society, 1832; lectured at the Aldersgate Street School, 1834-1836; Webb Street School and Sydenham College, 1836-1838; worked on the theory of reflex action, later denounced as the propagator of 'absurd and idle theories' and his papers read before the Royal Society in 1837 and 1847 refused publication; helped found the British Medical Association, and delivered the oration on medical reform, 1840; Fellow, Royal Society of Physicians, 1841; lectured on nervous diseases, St Thomas's Hospital, 1842-1846; delivered the Gulstonian lectures, 1842 and Croonian lectures, 1850-1852; retired from practice, 1853; studied restoration of persons apparently drowned and devised a system and rules adopted by the National Lifeboat Institution; continued to publish his research in the Lancet ; died, 1857. Publications include: On Diagnosis, in four parts ... The phænomena of health and disease. ... The diagnosis of the diseases of Adults. ... Of local diseases. ... Of the diseases of Children 2 volumes (London, Nottingham [printed], 1817); A description, diagnostic and practical essay on disorders of the digestive organs and general health, and particularly on their numerous forms and complications, contrasted with some acute and insidious diseases (London, Nottingham [printed], 1820); Cases of a serious morbid affection, chiefly occurring after delivery, miscarriage ... from various causes of irritation and exhaustion; and of a similar affection unconnected with the puerperal state (London, Nottingham [printed], 1820); Medical essays ... on the effects of intestinal irritation ... On some effects of loss of blood ... On exhaustion and sinking from various causes (London, [Nottingham printed,] 1825); Commentaries on some of the more important of the diseases of females (London, 1827); On a morbid affection of infancy arising from circumstances of exhaustion, but resembling hydrencephalus (London, Thames Ditton [printed], 1829); Introductory Lecture to a course of lectures on the practice of physic, etc (J Mallett, London, [1830?]); An Essay on the Circulation of the Blood; especially as observed in the minute and capillary vessels of the Batrachia and of Fishes (London, Thames Ditton [printed], 1831); Lectures on the nervous system and its diseases (London, 1836); Observations on bloodletting, founded upon researches on the morbid and curative effects on the loss of blood (London, 1836); Principles of the Theory and Practice of Medicine, including a third edition of the Author's work upon Diagnosis (London, 1837); Memoirs on the Nervous System (Sherwood, Gilbert & Piper, London, 1837); Medicine, its divisions, its rewards and its reforms: being the annual oration delivered at the British Medical Association, Oct 8th 1840 second edition (London, [1840]); On the diseases and derangements of the Nervous System (London, 1841); Practical observations and suggestions in medicine (London, 1845); On the Threatenings of Apoplexy and Paralysis, etc. (London, 1851); Prone and postural respiration in Drowning, and other forms of Apn?a, or suspended respiration edited by his son M Hall (London, 1857); contributed many articles to the Cyclopædia of Practical Medicine.

Born, London, 1928; educated Stoke Newington Parochial School, 1932-1939; University College School, 1939-1946; Military service, 1947-1948; New College Oxford, 1949-1953; BA, 1952; MA, 1955; BD, 1973; Ordained deacon in the Church of England, Diocese of Southwell, 1954; priest, 1955; Assistant curate, Newark upon Trent Parish Church, 1954-1958; Tutor at the Queen's College Birmingham, 1958-1962; Lecturer in Theology in the University of Nottingham, 1962-1973; Senior Lecturer, 1973-1978; Reader, 1978; Professor of Ecclesiastical History in the University of London at King's College, 1978-1990; Priest in Charge of St John the Evangelist, Pittenweem, and St Michael and All Angels, Elie, Scotland, 1990-1998; Honorary Associate Professor in the University of St Andrews from 1994. Publications: Doctrine and practice in the early Church (London, 1991); edited Gregory of Nyssa (Berlin, New York, 1993); Authority in the Church (Edinburgh, 1994); edited On Pascha, and Fragments (Oxford, 1979); Translated with Averil Cameron, Life of Constantine (Oxford, New York 1999).

Born in 1904, Hall studied medicine at King's College Hospital Medical School, MRCS LRCP, 1927. Took up post at King's College Hospital as Junior House Anaesthetist and appointed Consultant in 1930. During WW2 joined RAMC and was sent to the British Military Hospital in Colombo, Sri Lanka to establish training for anaesthetists in South East Asia. He returned to King's College Hospital and was appointed Dean of the Medical School from 1951-1967, retired in 1969. He was a member of the University Faculty of Medicine and Chairman of the University Board of Advanced Medical Studies, a founder member of the Royal College of Surgeons Faculty of Anaesthetists (later the Royal College of Anaesthestists), and President of the Association of Anaesthetists of Great Britain and Ireland. Died in 1998.

Born 1893; educated at Osborne and Dartmouth; Sub Lt, 1914; served with Royal Navy, World War One, 1914-1918; HMS SOUTHAMPTON, Grand Fleet, 1914-1917, including Battle of Jutland, 1916; 11 Submarine Flotilla, 1918; awarded the Gold Medal of the Royal United Services Institute, 1919; Admiralty Naval Staff, 1919-1920; Royal Naval Staff College, 1920-1921;Torpedo Officer, HMS DURBAN, China Sqn, 1921-1923; Lt Cdr, 1923; Staff College, Camberley, Surrey, 1924; Intelligence Officer, Mediterranean Fleet, 1925-1926; Atlantic Fleet, 1927-1928; Cdr, 1928; Admiralty Naval Staff, 1928-1929; resigned from Royal Navy, 1929; founded the King-Hall Newsletter Service, 1936; MP for Ormskirk Division, Lancashire, 1936-1944; service in World War Two, 1939-1945, in Ministry of Aircraft Production and Ministry of Fuel and Power; founded the Hansard Society for Parliamentary Government, 1944; Honorary Director and Chairman of Council, 1944-1962; Knighted, 1954; died 1966.

Publications: Western civilisation and the Far East (Methuen, London, 1924); Imperial defence. A book for taxpayers (Fisher Unwin, London, 1926); The uncharted sea (Arnold, London, 1926); The China of today (Woolf, London, 1927); Posterity (Hogarth Essays, London, 1927); Letters to Hilary (Ernest Benn, London, 1928); The romantic adventure (Stanley Paul, London, 1928); Hilary growing up (Ernest Benn, London, 1929); The war on sea (Benn's Sixpenny Library, London, 1929); The middle watch, with Ian Hay (Hodder and Stoughton, London, 1930); B. J. One. A play in one act [1930]; Post-war pirate (Methuen, London, 1931); Britain's chance. Being a demand for British leadership at this time of great danger in the international economic and political situation, and a statement of sixteen points of policy for the consideration of the British Cabinet (New Statesman and Nation, London, 1932); Bunga-Bunga (Nicholson and Watson, London, 1932); The Midshipmaid. A naval manoeuvre in three acts, with Ian Hay (French's, London, 1932); Here and there. Broadcast talks for children (Sidgwick and Jackson, London, 1932); The economist in the witness box, with N F Hall (Nicholson and Watson, London, 1933); Three plays and a plaything (Nicholson and Watson, London, 1933); Our own times, 1913-1934. A political and economic survey (Nicholson and Watson, London, 1934); News for children (Nicholson and Watson, London, 1934); Admirals all. An amphibious adventure in three acts, with Ian Hay (French's, London, 1935); A North Sea diary, 1914-1918 (Newnes, London, 1936); King George V, 1910-1936. The story of a great reign (Evans Brothers, London, 1936); The Empire yesterday and today (Oxford University Press, London, 1937); The future of party politics (Nicholson and Watson, London, 1937); The world since the war (Nelson and Sons, London, 1937); Thirty days of India. A note book (Herbert Jenkins, London, 1937); Chatham House. A brief account of the origins, purposes and methods of the Royal Institute of International Affairs (Oxford University Press, London, 1937); The Crowning of the King and Queen (Evans Brothers, London, 1937); Tracing history backwards, with Kenneth Christopher Boswell (Evans Brothers, London, 1937); Defence-what can I do? (John Murray, London, 1938); Our own times, 1913-1938 (Nicholson and Watson, London, 1938); History of the war (Hodder and Stoughton, London, 1939); Total victory (Faber and Faber, London, 1941); Britain's third chance. A book about post-war problems and the individual (Faber and Faber, London, 1943); Number 10 Downing Street. A play (National News-Letter, London, 1948); North American diary (K-H Services, London, 1949); Off the record. A naval comedy in three acts, with Ian Hay (Samuel French, London, 1949); My naval life, 1906-1929 (Faber and Faber, London, 1952); History in Hansard, 1803-1900. An anthology of wit, wisdom, nonsense and curious observations to be found in the debates of Parliament, with Ann Dewar (Constable, London, 1952); The Communist conspiracy (Constable, London, 1953); German Parliaments. A study of the development of representative institutions in Germany (Hansard Society, London, 1954); Letters from Africa (Geoffrey Bles, London, 1957); Defence in the nuclear age (Victor Gollancz, London, 1958); Men of destiny, or the moment of no return (K-H Services, London, 1960); Our times, 1900-1960 (Faber and Faber, London, 1961); Power politics in the nuclear age. A policy for Britain (Victor Gollancz, London, 1962); Three dictators. Mussolini, Hitler, Stalin (Faber and Faber, London, 1964).

Born in Belize, British Honduras, 1886; son of Charles Reginald Hoffmeister; took the name Halliday, 1905; educated at Winchester; New College Oxford; 1st class Literae Humaniores, 1908; Craven Fellow, 1909; studied at Berlin University and British School, Athens; Lecturer on Greek History and Archaeology, University of Glasgow, 1911-1914; Rathbone Professor of Ancient History, University of Liverpool, 1914-1928; Lieutenant, Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve, and Intelligence Officer in Greece, 1916-1918; Chevalier of the Order of the Redeemer (Greek), despatches, 1918; Principal of King's College London, 1928-1952; Deputy Vice Chancellor of University of London, 1932-1933; Chairman of Collegiate Council, 1932-1934, 1944-1946; Member of the Court of the University of London, 1933-1951; Chairman of the National Froebel Union, 1936-1943; knighted 1946; died 1966. Publications include: Greek Divination (1913); with R M Dawkins, Modern Greek in Asia Minor (1916); Lectures on the History of Roman Religion (1922); The Growth of the City State (1923); Folklore Studies, Ancient and Modern (1924); The Pagan Background of Early Christianity (1925); Greek and Roman Folklore (1927); Introduction to Penzer-Tawney, The Ocean of Story , volume viii (1927); The Greek Questions of Plutarch (1928); Indo-European Folk-Tales and Greek Legend (1933); Sir Thomas Cockaine, a Short Treatise of Hunting (1932); with T W Allen and E E Sikes, The Homeric Hymns (1936).

Born 1916; educated at Clifton College and Royal Military Academy, Woolwich; commissioned into the Royal Corps of Signals, 1936; served in Palestine, 1936-1939; Lt, 1939; served in World War Two, 1939-1945; temporary Capt, 1941-1942; service in Malta, 1940-1942; served in Sicily and Italy, 1943; Capt, 1944; graduated from Staff College, Camberley, Surrey, 1944; GeneralStaff Officer 2, Headquarters 8 Army, Italy, 1944-1945; Deputy Assistant Adjutant General, War Office, 1945-1947; Instructor, Royal Corps of Signals Officer Cadet Training Unit, 1947-1949; Chief Instructor, 1948-1949; Maj, 1949; Instructor, Royal Military Academy, Sandhurst, 1949-1952; General Staff Officer 2, Headquarters, East African Command, Kenya, 1952-1954; service in Malaya, 1954- 1956; Lt Col, 1956; Commanding Officer, 6 Armoured Div Signal Regt, Royal Corps of Signals, British Army of the Rhine, 1956-1958; retired from the Army, 1960; awarded OBE, 1961; employed by Lines Brothers; died 1983.