Item COLD WAR 27/73 - Transcript of interview with military strategy adviser Raymond L Garthoff, 1996

Typescript transcript of interview with Raymond Leonard Garthoff, Senior Adviser and Executive Secretary to US Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT I) Delegation, and Deputy Director, Bureau of Political and Military Affairs, US State Department, 1969-1972, and Guest Scholar, Foreign Policy Studies, Brookings Institution, Washington DC, USA, [1996], relating to the differences in US defense policy during the administrations of US President Dwight David Eisenhower, 1953-1961, and John Fitzgerald Kennedy, 1961-1963; the US nuclear doctrine of massive retaliation, 1954-1960; the US strategic policy of flexible response, 1961; the US nuclear doctrine of counterforce, emphasising limited nuclear strikes against an enemy's armed forces and not against civilian populations, 1962; mutually assured destruction (MAD), 1967; the planned US deployment of one thousand LGM-30A Minuteman I Inter-Continental Ballistic Missiles (ICBMs), [1962]; USAF opposition to the planned deployment of one thousand Minuteman ICBMs as too limited in numbers, [1962]; US belief in the expansionist nature of the USSR, 1945-1990; the withdrawal of Soviet forces from Austria and the creation of a neutral Austrian state, 1955; the UK and French nuclear development programmes, 1947-1960; the first march from London to the British nuclear research site at Aldermaston, Berkshire, and the foundation of the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament (CND), 1958; tensions between the USA and USSR during the Arab-Israeli Six Day War, Jun 1967; the Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty (SALT I), 1972; the origins of the SALT negotiations, 1964-1969; the 'back channel' negotiations between Dr Henry (Alfred) Kissinger, US National Security Adviser, 1969-1972, and Anatoly Fedorovich Dobrynin, Soviet Ambassador to the USA, 1962-1986, during SALT, 1969-1972; the importance of SALT I to the administration of US President Richard Milhous Nixon, 1972; the omission of discussions on the limitation of MIRVs during the Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT), 1969-1972; the use of 'back channel' negotiations between Garthoff and Soviet Col Alexander Bolshakov, Soviet Military Intelligence, Soviet Embassy, Washington DC, USA, during the face off between Soviet and US tanks, Checkpoint Charlie, Berlin, Germany, Oct 1961. 35pp