Showing 302 results

Typescript transcript of interview with Professor Eugene Victor Rostow, Professor of Law, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA, 1944-1984, Dean of Yale Law School, 1955-1965, US Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs, 1966-1969, Chairman, Executive Committee, Committee on the Present Danger, 1976-1981, and Director, US Arms Control and Disarmament Agency, 1981-1983, relating to US foreign policy during the administration of US President James Earl 'Jimmy' Carter, 1977-1981; the increase in Soviet and Cuban influence in Angola, Ethiopia and the People's Democratic Republic of Yemen (South Yemen), 1977-1978; the Strategic Arms Limitation Talks II (SALT II), 1974-1979; the signing of the Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty II (SALT II) on agreed limits on the numbers and testing of new types of Inter-Continental Ballistic Missiles (ICBM), by US President Carter and Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev, First Secretary of the Soviet Communist Party, Vienna, Austria, Jun 1979; the reservations held by the US Committee on the Present Danger on the Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty II, 1979; the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, Dec 1979; the deferment by the US Senate to ratify the Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty II, Jan 1980; the Iran hostage crisis, the capture of the US Embassy and sixty six US hostages by Iranian followers of the Ayatollah Ruholla Khomeini, Nov 1979-Jan 1981; criticism of the role of Paul Culliton Warnke, Director, US Arms Control and Disarmament Agency, and Chief US Arms Control Negotiator, during the Strategic Arms Limitation Talks II, 1974-1979; US development of the Martin-Marietta MGM-118 (MX) Peacekeeper Heavy Inter-Continental Ballistic Missile (ICBM), 1974-1981; US Presidential Directive 59 (PD 59) on the development of the US counter force strategy, of attacking an enemy's nuclear and military forces instead of centres of population or economic targets, in order to deter an enhanced Soviet first strike capability, Jul 1980; the official visit to the USA by Deng Xiaoping, Chairman of the Chinese Communist Party, and the establishment of diplomatic relations between the USA and the People's Republic of China, Jan 1979.

Typescript transcript of interview with Horst Osterheld, confidant of Konrad Adenauer, Chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany, 1949-1963, relating to the impact of the Korean War in the Federal Republic of Germany, 1950-1953; the European Defence Community (EDC), 1950-1954; relations between France and the Federal Republic of Germany, 1950-1954; the rearmament and entry into NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organisation) of the Federal Republic of Germany, 1954; the Berlin crisis and the construction of the Berlin wall, Germany, Aug 1961; the adoption by the UK of the US Lockheed UGM-27 Polaris A1 Submarine Launched Ballistic Missile (SLBM) as the UK independent nuclear deterrent, 1962; the Federal German reaction to the Cuban Missile Crisis, Oct 1962.

Typescript transcript of interview with Sir Denis Hubert Fletcher Rickett, Member of War Cabinet secretariat, 1939-1942, Principal Private Secretary to Rt Hon Oliver Lyttleton, Minister of War Production, 1943-1944, Special Assistant to Rt Hon Edward Frederick Lindley Wood, 1st Earl of Halifax, HM Ambassador, Washington DC, USA, 1945, Personal Assistant to Rt Hon Sir John Anderson, Lord President of the Council and Minister in charge of 'Tube alloys' (cover name for the atomic research programme), 1945-1947, Principal Private Secretary to Prime Minister Rt Hon Clement Richard Attlee, 1950-1951, relating to the Maud Report, produced by British scientists convinced that the development of a viable nuclear weapon was possible, Jul 1941; the first Quebec Conference (codenamed QUADRANT), attended by US President Franklin Delano Roosevelt and Prime Minister Rt Hon Winston (Leonard Spencer) Churchill, Quebec, Canada, 17-24 Aug 1943; the Manhattan Project, the Anglo-US project to develop an atomic bomb, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, and Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA, 1942-1946; negotiations with the USA on the continuance of Anglo-US nuclear co-operation, Nov 1945; the Bernard Mannes Baruch report, to the United Nations (UN) Atomic Energy Commission, on outlawing atomic war, Jun 1946; the Acheson-Lilienthal Report on international control of atomic power, 1946.

Typescript transcript of interview with Sir Denis Hubert Fletcher Rickett, Member of War Cabinet secretariat, 1939-1942, Principal Private Secretary to Rt Hon Oliver Lyttleton, Minister of War Production, 1943-1944, Special Assistant to Rt Hon Edward Frederick Lindley Wood, 1st Earl of Halifax, HM Ambassador, Washington DC, USA, 1945, Personal Assistant to Rt Hon Sir John Anderson, Lord President of the Council and Minister in charge of 'Tube alloys' (cover name for the atomic research programme), 1945-1947, Principal Private Secretary to Prime Minister Rt Hon Clement Richard Attlee, 1950-1951, relating to the Maud Report, produced by British scientists convinced that the development of a viable nuclear weapon was possible, Jul 1941; the first Quebec Conference (codenamed QUADRANT), attended by US President Franklin Delano Roosevelt and Prime Minister Rt Hon Winston (Leonard Spencer) Churchill, Quebec, Canada, 17-24 Aug 1943; the Manhattan Project, the Anglo-US project to develop an atomic bomb, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, and Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA, 1942-1946; negotiations with the USA on the continuance of Anglo-US nuclear co-operation, Nov 1945; the Bernard Mannes Baruch report, to the United Nations (UN) Atomic Energy Commission, on outlawing atomic war, Jun 1946; the Acheson-Lilienthal Report on international control of atomic power, 1946. Copy of 10/12

Typescript transcript of interview with Sir Richard (Royle) Powell, Deputy Secretary and Permanent Secretary, Ministry of Defence, 1950-1959, and Permanent Secretary, Board of Trade, 1960-1968, relating to the impact of the US Atomic Energy Act (the MacMahon Act), ending nuclear co-operation between the USA and the UK, 1946; the development of the British atomic bomb, 1946-1952; the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) Lisbon Conference, Portugal, 1952; the detonation of the first British nuclear weapon, Operation HURRICANE, Trimouille Island, Monte Bello Islands, Western Australia, Oct 1952; detonation of the first US hydrogen bomb, Operation IVY, Eniwetok Atoll, Marshall Islands, Nov 1952; the reality of the perceived Soviet threat to western Europe, [1955-1965]; the detonation of the first British thermonuclear weapon, Operation GRAPPLE, Malden Island, Line Islands, Pacific Ocean, May 1957; the launch of the Soviet Sputnik I and Sputnik II Earth orbiting satellites, Oct and Nov 1957; the Defence White Paper, 1957; the appointment of Gen Charles André Joseph Marie de Gaulle as President of France, 1958; the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament (CND), 1958-1963; the Nassau Agreement between US President John Fitzgerald Kennedy and Prime Minister Rt Hon (Maurice) Harold Macmillan, on the adoption by the UK of the US Lockheed UGM-27 Polaris A1 Submarine Launched Ballistic Missile (SLBM) as the UK independent nuclear deterrent, Nassau, New Providence Islands, the Bahamas, Caribbean, Dec 1962.

Typescript transcript of interview with V Biriskov [Soviet Diplomat, Berlin, Germany, 1941], relating to Operation BARBAROSSA, the German invasion of the USSR, Jun 1941; the Allied Teheran conference, codenamed EUREKA, to co-ordinate strategy between the USSR, the USA and the UK, Teheran, Iran, 28 Nov-1 Dec 1943; the Allied Yalta conference, codenamed ARGONAUT, attended by US President Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Soviet President Josef Vissarionovich Stalin and Prime Minister Rt Hon Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill, Yalta, Crimea, USSR, 4-11 Feb 1945; the Moscow conference, codenamed TOLSTOY, attended by Stalin and Churchill, 9-19 Oct 1944; the Potsdam conference, codenamed TERMINAL, between the leaders of the USSR, USA and UK to decide the future boundaries of East European states, Potsdam, Germany, 17 Jul-2 Aug 1945; Stalin's reaction to US President Harry S Truman's announcement at the Potsdam conference of the TRINITY Atomic Test, the detonation of the first atomic bomb, Alamogordo Bombing and Gunnery Range, Alamogordo Desert, New Mexico, USA, 16 Jul 1945; the Victory Day celebrations, Moscow, USSR, 9 May 1945.

Typescript transcript of interview with Dave Powers, Aide to US President John Fitzgerald Kennedy, 1961-1963, relating to the Summit conference between US President Kennedy and Nikita Sergeevich Khrushchev, First Secretary of the Soviet Communist Party, Vienna, Austria, Jun 1961; the Bay of Pigs incident, Cochinos Bay, Cuba, Apr 1961; the Cuban Missile Crisis, Oct 1962; the leadership and character of US President Kennedy, and of his brother, Robert Francis Kennedy, US Attorney General, during the Cuban Missile Crisis, Oct 1962; the US naval blockade of Cuba, 1962; the Nuclear Test Ban Treaty, Aug 1963.

Typescript transcript of interview with Lt Gen Yitzhak Rabin, Chief of Staff, Israeli Defence Forces (IDF), 1964-1968, Israeli Prime Minister, 1974-1977, and Israeli Minister of Defence, 1984-1990, relating to the Israeli strategic policy on the development and deployment of nuclear weapons [1988]; Operation BABYLON, the Israeli air attack on the Osirak nuclear research reactor, Al Tuwaitha, Iraq, 7 Jun 1981; the nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, Jul 1968, and Israel's decision not to become a signatory, 1968-1988.

Typescript transcript of interview with Professor Sir Ronald Mason, Chief Scientific Adviser, Ministry of Defence, 1977-1983, relating to negotiations between Prime Minister Rt Hon (Leonard) James Callaghan, and US President James Earl 'Jimmy' Carter, on modernising the British independent nuclear deterrent by replacing the Lockheed UGM-27 Polaris A1 Submarine Launched Ballistic Missile (SLBM) system with the Lockheed UGM-93B Trident II D5 Submarine Launched Ballistic Missile (SLBM) system, Guadeloupe, Caribbean, 1979; speculation on the possibility of creating a European nuclear deterrent in the future by collaboration between the UK and France, [1987].

Typescript transcript of interview with Dr Henry (Alfred) Kissinger, US National Security Adviser, 1969-1973, and US Secretary of State, 1973-1977, relating to the improvement in US/Soviet relations instigated at the beginning of the administration of US President Richard Milhous Nixon, 1969; the Soviet strategic programme to achieve parity with the USA in the number of nuclear weapons deployed, 1969; US involvement in the Vietnam War, 1969-1975; the policy of détente between the USA and the USSR, 1969-1975; the Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT I) between the USA and the USSR, 1969-1972; the Treaty on the Limitation of Anti-Ballistic Missile Systems (the ABM Treaty), May 1972; the US development of multiple independently targetable re-entry vehicles (MIRV) [1968-1972]; Kissinger's private negotiations on strategic arms limitation with Anatoly Fedorovich Dobrynin, Soviet Ambassador to the USA, and with his deputy, Yuly Mikhailovich Vorontsov, 1969-1972; the signing of the Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty (SALT I) between the USA and the USSR, and the signing of the Treaty on the Limitation of Anti-Ballistic Missile Systems (the ABM Treaty), by US President Nixon and Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev, First Secretary of the Soviet Communist Party, Moscow, USSR, May 1972; the US nuclear doctrine of Mutually Assured Destruction (MAD), [1962-1972]; the Watergate scandal, Washington DC, USA, 1972-1974; the Strategic Arms Limitation Talks II (SALT II), 1974-1979; the detonation of India's first nuclear device, Rajasthan Desert, India, May 1974.

Typescript transcript of interview with Boris Izakov, Soviet Armed Forces, and Delegate to the United Nations (UN), 1946, relating to Izakov's service in the Great Patriotic War, 1941-1945; the Victory Day celebrations, Moscow, USSR, 9 May 1945; the Soviet reaction to the use, by the USAAF (US Army Air Force), of atomic bombs on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, 6 and 9 Aug 1945; Operation CROSSROADS, the two US nuclear tests, Bikini Atoll, Marshall Islands, Pacific Ocean, Jun-Jul 1946; the Soviet intervention in the war against Japan, Aug 1945; Izakov's impressions of the USA, 1946; the Bernard Mannes Baruch report, to the United Nations (UN) Atomic Energy Commission, on outlawing atomic war, 1946.

Typescript transcript of interview with James Earl 'Jimmy' Carter, US President, 1977-1981, relating to Carter's desire to reduce the US nuclear arsenal during his administration, 1977-1981; the Strategic Arms Limitation Talks II (SALT II), Geneva, Switzerland, 1977-1979; Carter's meeting with US Senator Henry Martin 'Scoop' Jackson to discuss US-Soviet arms control negotiations, Feb 1977; US concern on the Soviet development and deployment of the SS-18 'Satan' Model 2 Heavy Inter-Continental Ballistic Missile (ICBM), equipped with eight to ten multiple independently targetable re-entry vehicles (MIRV), 1976-1977; US development of the Martin-Marietta MGM-118 (MX) Peacekeeper Heavy Inter-Continental Ballistic Missile (ICBM), 1974-1981; the visit of Andrei Andreevich Gromyko, Soviet Minister for Foreign Affairs, to Washington DC, USA, Sep 1977; the opinions of the US Joint Chiefs of Staff to the Strategic Arms Limitation Talks II (SALT II), 1977-1979; the increase in Soviet and Cuban influence in Ethiopia, 1977-1980; the official visit to the USA by Deng Xiaoping, Chairman of the Chinese Communist Party, and the establishment of diplomatic relations between the USA and the People's Republic of China, Jan 1979; the signing of the Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty II (SALT II) on agreed limits on the numbers and testing of new types of Inter-Continental Ballistic Missiles (ICBM) by US President Carter and Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev, First Secretary of the Soviet Communist Party, Vienna, Austria, Jun 1979; the invasion of Afghanistan by the USSR, Dec 1979; Carter's approval of renewed US aid to Pakistan and the sale of Uranium to India, 1980.

Typescript transcript of interview with James Earl 'Jimmy' Carter, US President, 1977-1981, relating to Carter's desire to reduce the US nuclear arsenal during his administration, 1977-1981; the Strategic Arms Limitation Talks II (SALT II), Geneva, Switzerland, 1977-1979; Carter's meeting with US Senator Henry Martin 'Scoop' Jackson to discuss US-Soviet arms control negotiations, Feb 1977; US concern on the Soviet development and deployment of the SS-18 'Satan' Model 2 Heavy Inter-Continental Ballistic Missile (ICBM), equipped with eight to ten multiple independently targetable re-entry vehicles (MIRV), 1976-1977; US development of the Martin-Marietta MGM-118 (MX) Peacekeeper Heavy Inter-Continental Ballistic Missile (ICBM), 1974-1981; the visit of Andrei Andreevich Gromyko, Soviet Minister for Foreign Affairs, to Washington DC, USA, Sep 1977; the opinions of the US Joint Chiefs of Staff to the Strategic Arms Limitation Talks II (SALT II), 1977-1979; the increase in Soviet and Cuban influence in Ethiopia, 1977-1980; the official visit to the USA by Deng Xiaoping, Chairman of the Chinese Communist Party, and the establishment of diplomatic relations between the USA and the People's Republic of China, Jan 1979; the signing of the Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty II (SALT II) on agreed limits on the numbers and testing of new types of Inter-Continental Ballistic Missiles (ICBM) by US President Carter and Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev, First Secretary of the Soviet Communist Party, Vienna, Austria, Jun 1979; the invasion of Afghanistan by the USSR, Dec 1979; Carter's approval of renewed US aid to Pakistan and the sale of Uranium to India, 1980. Copy of 11/26

Typescript transcript of interview with Professor Fred Charles Iklé, Social Science Department, RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, California, USA, 1955-1961, Professor of Political Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA, 1964-1967, Head of Social Science Department, RAND Corporation, 1968-1973, Director, US Arms Control and Disarmament Agency, Washington DC, USA, 1973-1977, and Under Secretary for Policy, US Department of Defense, Washington DC, 1981-1988, relating to the Soviet deployment of the SS-20 'Saber' Mobile Intermediate Range Ballistic Missile (IRBM), 1974-1977; the US development and deployment of the MGM-31C Pershing II Short Range Battlefield Support Missile, 1978-1983, and the General Dynamics BGM-109G Gryphon Ground Launched Cruise Missile (GLCM), 1978-1984; the adoption by US President Ronald (Wilson) Reagan of the 'zero option', whereby the US would not deploy General Dynamics BGM-109G Gryphon Ground Launched Cruise Missiles and MGM-31C Pershing II Short Range Battlefield Support Missiles if the USSR withdrew SS-4 'Sandal' Medium Range Ballistic Missiles (MRBM), SS-5 'Skean' Intermediate Range Ballistic Missiles and SS-20 'Saber' Mobile Intermediate Range Ballistic Missiles from west of the Ural mountains, 1981; speculation on the forthcoming signing of the INF (Intermediate-range Nuclear Forces) Treaty, Jun 1988.

Typescript transcript of interview with Professor Fred Charles Iklé, Professor of Political Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA, 1964-1967, Director, US Arms Control and Disarmament Agency, 1973-1977, and Under Secretary of Defense for Policy, 1981-1987, relating to US defence policy during the administration of US President Ronald (Wilson) Reagan, 1981-[1987]; the renewal of the defence contracts for the Rockwell International B-1A Lancer strategic bomber, and the Martin-Marietta MGM-118 (MX) Peacekeeper Heavy Inter-Continental Ballistic Missile (ICBM), [1981-1982]; the development and deployment of the US Lockheed UGM-93B Trident II D5 Submarine Launched Ballistic Missile (SLBM), 1975-1989; the US Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI), 1983-1986.

Typescript transcript of interview with French Gen Pierre M Gallois, relating to the increased deployment of US tactical nuclear weapons in western Europe, [1957-1960]; the defence policy of Franz Josef Strauss, Minister of Defence, Federal Republic of Germany, 1956-1962; the French nuclear development programme, 1954-1960; the administration of French Gen Charles André Joseph Marie de Gaulle, President of France, 1959-1969, the adoption by the USA and NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organisation) of the strategic policy of flexible response, 1961 and 1967; US plans for the creation of a Multilateral Force (MLF) in western Europe, [1964-1965]; the withdrawal of French forces from the NATO Military Committee, 1966; the nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, Jul 1968.

Typescript transcript of interview with Michel Tatu, French author and journalist and Chief of Foreign Affairs, Le Monde, [1960-1970], relating to the US production and deployment of one thousand LGM-30A Minuteman I Inter-Continental Ballistic Missiles (ICBMs), 1961-1962; the Soviet deployment of SS-4 'Sandal' Medium Range Ballistic Missiles (MRBM) and SS-5 'Skean' Intermediate Range Ballistic Missiles (IRBM) to Cuba, Oct 1962; the Bay of Pigs incident, Cochinos Bay, Cuba, Apr 1961; the Berlin crisis and the construction of the Berlin wall, Germany, Aug 1961; the Cuban Missile Crisis, Oct 1962; the US naval blockade of Cuba, 1962; the removal of US Chrysler Jupiter SM-78 Intermediate Range Ballistic Missiles (IRBM) from Turkey, 1965; the increase in production of Soviet Inter-Continental Ballistic Missiles (ICBMs), 1964-1965; the Nuclear Test Ban Treaty, Aug 1963.

Typescript transcript of interview with Gen Gerd Schmuckle, Ministry of Defence, Federal Republic of Germany, [1956-1962], and Deputy Allied Commander, Europe, NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organisation), 1978-1980, relating to the defence policy of Franz Josef Strauss, Minister of Defence, Federal Republic of Germany, 1956-1962; the launch of the Soviet Sputnik I and Sputnik II Earth orbiting satellites, Oct and Nov 1957; the adoption by the USA and NATO of the strategic policy of flexible response, 1961 and 1967; US plans for the creation of a Multilateral Force (MLF) in western Europe, [1964-1965]; the increase in the US deployment of tactical nuclear weapons in western Europe, 1954-1960.

Typescript transcript of interview with Professor Mattitiahu Peled, General, Israeli Defence Forces (IDF), Six Day War, 5-10 Jun 1967, and Professor of Arabic Studies, University of Tel Aviv, Israel, relating to Israeli strategic policy on the development and deployment of nuclear weapons and on nuclear proliferation in the Middle East, [1988]; the nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, Jul 1968, and Israel's decision not to become a signatory, 1968-1988.

Typescript transcript of interview with Gennadi Ivanovich Gerasimov, Soviet Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 1953-1978, relating to the reformist policies of Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev, General Secretary of the Communist Party of the USSR, 1985-1991, and President of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, 1988-1991; the administration of US President Ronald (Wilson) Reagan, 1981-1989; the Soviet deployment of the SS-20 'Saber' Mobile Intermediate Range Ballistic Missile (IRBM), 1974-1977; the rejection by the USSR of US President Ronald (Wilson) Reagan's 'zero option', whereby the US would not deploy General Dynamics BGM-109G Gryphon Ground Launched Cruise Missiles (GLCM) and MGM-31C Pershing II Short Range Battlefield Support Missiles if the USSR withdrew SS-4 'Sandal' Medium Range Ballistic Missiles (MRBM), SS-5 'Skean' Intermediate Range Ballistic Missiles (IRBM) and SS-20 'Saber' Mobile Intermediate Range Ballistic Missiles (IRBM), from west of the Ural mountains, 1981; the Iran-Iraq War and the US and Soviet naval presence in the Persian Gulf, 1980-1988; the summit meetings between US President Reagan and Soviet General Secretary Gorbachev, Reykjavik, Iceland, Nov 1986, and Washington DC, USA, Dec 1987; speculation on the forthcoming signing of the INF (Intermediate-range Nuclear Forces) Treaty, Jun 1988; the US Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI), 1983-[1989]; the supply of arms by the USA to Contra guerrillas in Nicaragua, 1981-1989.