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BEDDINGTON, Brig Sir Edward Henry Lionel (1884-1966)

  • BEDDINGTON
  • Collection
  • 1960

My life', unpublished memoirs describing his life and career, 1884-1960, notably his involvement in the Curragh Incident, Ireland, Mar 1914, and his staff appointments during World War One, 1914-1918, written in 1960.

Beddington, Sir Edward Henry Lionel, 1884-1966, Knight, Brigadier

BEEVOR, Anthony (b 1946)

  • BEEVOR
  • Collection
  • 1941-1949

Papers used by Beevor during the preparation of Inside the British Army (Chatto Windus, London, 1990), including papers on Defence estimates; officer education; Army Personnel Research Establishment, with Sandhurst reports relating to social conditions; officer and other rank recruitment, bullying; the Royal Military Academy, Sandhurst; UK Land Forces; the Falklands Islands and BFFI (British Forces, Falklands Islands); Northern Ireland; the Intelligence Corps; women in the Army; medical and psychological services and facilities; punishment; the Army in the Field; officer careers; reduction in numbers of personnel; the Territorial Army. Papers used in the preparation of Crete: the battle and the resistance (John Murray, London, 1991), including retrospective personal accounts of operations in Greece and the evacuation of British forces in Apr 1941; the Special Operations Executive (SOE) in the Eastern Mediterranean and the Yak Mission to train Greek resistance forces; the defence of Crete during the German invasion, May 1941; retrospective personal testimonies of the land and sea battle for Crete, 1941, and typescript copy of the SOE final report on operations in Crete, 1945. Also, typescript text of lecture by Beevor, entitled 'The defence of Crete', given at National Army Museum, 1991, and paperback edition of Crete: the battle and the resistance (Penguin, London, 1992).

Beevor, Anthony, b 1946, author and military historian

BELL, Frank (1916-1989)

  • BELL
  • Collection
  • 1945-1946

Undercover University, an illustrated account of the language lessons he organised and ran as a POW at Kuching, Borneo during the period 1943-1945, written in 1945-1946, privately published in 1990.

Bell, Frank, 1916-1989, linguist

BENSON, Lt Col Sir Reginald Lindsay (1889-1968)

  • BENSON, RL
  • Collection
  • 1915-1918

Papers relating to his service in World War One, 1915-1918, principally comprising French and British casualty and strength figures, 1915-1918. Correspondence and associated papers relating to his work with Groupe des Armées du Nord and Grand Quartier Général, France, 1915, 1917-[1919], notably including correspondence between FM Sir Douglas Haig and Generals Robert Georges Nivelle and Henri-Philippe Pétain, 1917-1918. Operational documents, 1917-1918, mainly concerning 5 Army, IX Corps and III and VI French Armies. French Grand Quartier Général official communications, reports and telegrams, 1918, with maps relating to operations in France and Belgium, 1917-1918 and 1939-1940.

Benson, Sir Reginald Lindsay, 1889-1968, Knight, Lieutenant Colonel

BERGER, Colonel Oliver Charles (1913-1998)

  • BERGER
  • Collection
  • 1934-1983

Papers, of Col Oliver Charles Berger, 1934-1983, comprising: Papers relating to Berger's education and early career, including: notes and essays on the history of political thought, 1934; Wilton Park Training Centre lecture notes and leaflets for German POWs 1946; correspondence relating to Berger's appointments and awards, 1946-1958; standing orders, memoranda and notes relating to A Sqn, Royal Scots Greys, Lopshorn Training Camp, Germany, Jul-Aug 1948; annual confidential reports on Berger, 1951-1953 and 1955-1957. Papers relating to diplomatic service and international relations, 1954-1980, including: reports, correspondence, guest lists and notes relating to Berger's service as Military Attache, British Embassy, Rangoon, Burma, 1954-1957, with notes on visits to London by senior Burmese military personnel, 1956. General background information, 1956-1983, including: US government publication, 'Mutual inspection for peace', [1956], relating to the role of aerial reconnaissance and photographic interpretation in US-USSR mutual inspection and peace-keeping; press cuttings, 1961-1980, chiefly relating to the Middle East, Africa, USSR, South East Asia and British nuclear policy; speeches made by Sir Alec Douglas-Home as Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs, 1970-1971.

Berger, Oliver Charles, 1913-1998, Colonel

BERGÈS, Jean Leon (b 1925)

  • BERGÈS
  • Collection
  • 1945

Copies of papers in French relating to the shooting and wounding of Bergès by the Gestapo in an attempt to escape from France to Spain, Jun 1944, and documents to establish his status as a disabled and pensionable victim of the German occupation of France, 1985-1996, including ten testimonies from witnesses and contemporaries relating to the shooting, wounding and recuperation of Bergès, 1945, 1973 and 1985-1987; typescript account entitled 'Jean Bergès: un jeune Biarrot fusillé par les Allemands...et rescapé!', with three maps of the French-Spanish border region [1996]; typescript official form, completed by Bergès, in order to receive an invalidity pension as a victim of World War Two, 1996.

Berges, Jean Leon, fl 1925-1996, jewellery designer

BERLIN AIRLIFT, THE: television documentary archive

  • BERLIN AIRLIFT
  • Collection
  • 1997 - 1998

Transcripts of 45 interviews recorded for The Berlin Airlift , a television documentary produced by 3BM Television for Channel 4's Secret History series and broadcast on 29 June 1998. Those interviewed include individuals and or relatives of individuals connected with the airlift operation which took place in response to the Berlin blockade, 24 June 1948 - October 1949, notably members of the armed forces of UK and USA including the RAF, RN and WAAF, a representative of the Foreign Office, journalists and authors, German interpreters, German civilians and children, members of Soviet administration and relatives of servicemen. Attention is given to direct roles and experience of the airlift but also seeks views of its historical significance to them personally and to the wider world. Topics covered in the interviews relate to causes of the blockade, Stalin's aims for Germany after 1945, the potential threat of war in 1948, British and US responses to the blockade, Soviet intelligence gathering and espionage in the UK Foreign Office, attitudes of British servicemen to American servicemen in Germany and vice versa, German experience of the Soviet conquest of Berlin in 1945 and ensuing occupation, living conditions at the air bases in West Germany and in Berlin, food and fuel shortages, rationing, operation of the black market, prostitution, relations between conquered and occupying forces, 'no fraternisation' rule, the logistics of the airlift operation - aircraft maintenance, loading and unloading of supplies, Soviet harassment, experience of pilots and crew, incidents such as air crashes, evacuation of Berliners including children, and Operation Little Vittles. The role of significant individuals such as Ernest Bevin (1884-1951), British Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs at the time, and Gen. Lucius D. Clay (1897-1978), Military Governor of Germany 1947 - 1949, are also discussed. Notable participants include Sir Frank Kenyon Roberts (1907-1998) diplomat and Principal Private Secretary to the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs during 1948 - 1949, Mrs Jessamy Waite, widow of Air Cdre Reginald Newnham Waite (1901-1975), who devised and organised the airlift operation, and Col Gail S Halverson who became known as the 'Candy Bomber' for his drops of packages of candy attached to miniature parachutes to the children of Berlin. Transcripts include questions and answers, and the tape counter numbering has been logged. The interviewer is not identified. Where interviews were translated this has been noted. Some names, places or phrases have been guessed at, or spelled phonetically by the transcriber. No information is given about the date or identity of the transcriber.

3BM Television

BERLIN CRISIS, THE: US Government papers

  • MFF12
  • Collection
  • 1953-1988

The collection presents an integrated record of US decision making during the 1958-1962 confrontation between the Soviet Union and the United States over the situation of Berlin specifically, and Germany generally. The collection includes primarily records of Eisenhower's telephone conversations with Secretary of State John Foster Dulles and Under Secretary of State Christian Archibald Herter and minutes of Eisenhower's discussions with Gen Andrew Jackson Goodpaster, Defense Liaison Officer and Staff Secretary to the President and, for the Kennedy administration, records mainly prepared by McGeorge Bundy, Special Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs, and Laurence J Legere, Assistant to the Military Representative of the President, 1961-1962 and Senior National Security Council Staff Member, 1962-1963. The collection also includes records of East-West negotiations over Berlin and Germany, including US-Soviet 'exploratory discussions', 1958-1962; material relating to Allied efforts to develop a co-ordinated negotiating position during the first months of 1959 and the subsequent protracted talks in Geneva, Switzerland, May-Aug 1959; material relating to LIVE OAK, the tripartite American-British-French Berlin military contingency planning group under the direction of Gen Lauris Norstad, Commander- in-Chief US European Command and Supreme Allied Commander Europe, Apr 1959; papers relating to US and Soviet nuclear capabilities, 1959-1962; Berlin checkpoint crises, 1959-1961; a complete record of the summit meeting in Sep 1959 between Eisenhower and Soviet Prime Minister Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchev at Camp David, Maryland, USA; papers relating to Western preparations for discussions on Berlin at the aborted summit of May 1960; papers relating to the 'Wall Crisis', including material relating to the refugee problem in the German Democratic Republic and US and Allied reactions to the construction of the Berlin Wall, Aug 1961; US and Soviet confrontations at US zone checkpoint, 'Checkpoint Charlie', Oct 1961; minutes of conversations between Soviet and US policy makers during the Kennedy administration, including a compete record of the talks between (David) Dean Rusk, US Secretary of State, and Andrei Andreevich Gromyko, Soviet Foreign Minister, Gromyko and Llewellyn E Thompson, US Ambassador to the Soviet Union, and Rusk and Anatoly Federovich Dobrynin, Soviet Ambassador to the US, 1962. It should be noted that papers of major Kennedy administration officials remain closed due to security processing delays at the John F Kennedy Library. Thus, files after Sep 1961 in the National Security Files remain largely sealed. Moreover, documents from files that have been reviewed continue to be withheld or heavily excised. Also, many of the Central Intelligence Agency and US Department of Defense files from 1961-1962 continue to be withheld or heavily excised.

BERNAL, Prof John Desmond (1901-1971)

  • BERNAL
  • Collection
  • [1944]

Account of his work as Scientific Adviser, Combined Operations, in relation to D-Day, covering the period 5-8 June 1944, France.

Bernal, John Desmond, 1901-1971, physicist

BETHELL, Adm Hon Sir Alexander Edward (1855-1932)

  • BETHELL, AE
  • Collection
  • 1865-1979

Papers relating to early naval career, 1872-1907 including midshipman's log books; papers relating to service as Director of Naval Intelligence, 1909-1912, Commander-in-Chief, East Indies, 1911-1918, commander of Royal Naval War College, Portsmouth, 1913-1914, commander of 3 Battle Fleet and Channel Fleet, 1914-1915 and Commander-in-Chief, Plymouth, 1916-1918; correspondence with Adm Sir Alexander Duff, 1917-1918, AF Lord Fisher, 1909-1918 and AF Lord Jellicoe, 1913-1918; personal papers and correspondence, 1865-1932; miscellaneous papers, 1901-1911; correspondence between the family and researchers using the papers, 1935-1979.

Bethell, Sir Alexander Edward, 1855-1932, Knight, Admiral

BETHELL, Capt Edward Walter (1891-1918)

  • BETHELL, EW
  • Collection
  • [1898]-1927

Papers relating to Bethell's life and career, [1898]-1927, and to his death in action, near Epehy, France, 21 Sep 1918, including letters and telegrams of condolence to Bethell's parents, notably from HM King George V, Brig Gen Charles Robert Graham Mayne, commanding 19 Infantry Bde, and Brevet Lt Col Percy Charles Esdaile, Commanding Officer, 1 Bn, The Queen's (Royal West Surrey Regt), 1918; photograph of Bethell's grave, Epehy Wood Farm Cemetery, France [1920]; seven photographs of Bethell [1898-1918]; Capt Bethell's Record of Services book, 1911, and the official scroll, sent to the next of kin of servicemen killed in action [1919]; letters from the War Office, the Directorate of Graves Registration and Enquiries, and the Imperial War Graves Commission relating to Capt Bethell's death, gravestone and location of cemetery and grave, 1918-1927; letter to Adm Hon Sir Alexander Edward Bethell from Maj George Nowers Dyer, Commanding Officer, Depot, The Queen's (Royal West Surrey Regt), Guildford, Surrey, relating to the collection of photographs of the Regiment's officers killed in World War One, for inclusion in the Regimental Museum, Nov 1923.

Bethell, Edward Walter, 1891-1918, Captain

BETHELL, Lt Maurice John, RN (1894-1916)

  • BETHELL, MJ
  • Collection
  • 1894-1932

Papers relating to Bethell's life and career, 1894-1932, and to his death in action, as First Lt, HMS NESTOR, 13 Destroyer Flotilla, Battle of Jutland, North Sea, 31 May 1916, including Birth Certificate and Certificate of Baptism, 1894; RN record and certificates relating to Bethell's naval career, 1907-1915; one Christmas card, 1913, and three letters to his sister Agatha [Hilda] Bethell, 1915, and eight letters to his mother, Hilda Mary Bethell, Lady Bethell, 1914-1916. Two letters from the Admiralty notifying the family of Lt Bethell's death, 1916; two letters to Hilda Mary Bethell, Lady Bethell, from Cdr Hon (Edward) Barry (Stewart) Bingham, Capt of HMS NESTOR, on Lt Bethell's heroism and on the loss of HMS NESTOR at the Battle of Jutland, 1916; two letters to Agatha [Hilda] Bethell from Lt William Stephen Richard King-Hall, HMS SOUTHAMPTON, on the Battle of Jutland and the sinking of HMS NESTOR, with extract from account of Jutland by Lt Harold Percy Keeley, HMS ATTACK, 1 Destroyer Flotilla, Grand Fleet, Jun 1916; seven letters and telegrams of condolence, notably including HM King George V, Rt Hon Arthur James Balfour, First Lord of the Admiralty, V Adm Sir David Beatty, 1 Battlecruiser Sqn, Grand Fleet, Capt Wilmot Stuart Nicholson, HMS AURORA, and Capt Charles Edward Le Mesurier, HMS CALLIOPE, 1916-1918; three letters on the loss of HMS NESTOR and the death of Lt Bethell from Surgeon Probationer Alexander Joe, Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve, 1918. Edition of Supplement to the London Gazette, containing details of the award of a posthumous Mention in Despatches for Lt Bethell, 4 Oct 1918; nine letters between Adm Hon Sir Alexander Edward Bethell and the Admiralty relating to whether Lt Bethell's heroism was worthy of the award of the VC, Jan-Feb 1919; edition of Parliamentary debates, House of Commons (Hansard) containing questions asked in Parliament by Rt Hon Thomas James Macnamara, Financial Secretary to the Admiralty, relating to Lt Bethell's heroism during the Battle of Jutland, 12 Mar 1919. Photograph of Bethell [1914]; edition of Falklands, Jutland, and the Bight by Cdr Hon (Edward) Barry (Stewart) Bingham, RN (John Murray, London, 1919); official scroll and bronze plaque, sent to the next of kin of servicemen killed in action [1919]; certificate of Mention in Despatches, 1920. Copy of manuscript poem relating to the loss of HMS NESTOR by Robert Malise Bowyer Nichols entitled 'The souls of the righteous', 1931, with related correspondence from John Masefield, Poet Laureate, Cdr Hon (Edward) Barry (Stewart) Bingham, RN and Lt Dudley Rowe, RN, 1931.

Bethell, Maurice John, 1894-1916, RN Lieutenant

BETHUNE, Lt Gen Sir Edward Cecil (1855-1930)

  • BETHUNE
  • Collection
  • 1899-1902

Copies of 95 photographs and negatives relating to the Second Boer War, South Africa, 1899-1902, including two photograph albums, 'Snap shots by Capt E A Williams Esq' and 'Snap shots in Natal and Transvaal taken by Capt E A Williams, KDG', and photographs of the Boer President of the Transvaal Stephanus Johannes Paulus (Paul) Kruger and of Col Edward Cecil Bethune. Microfilm copies of two bound order books 'Regimental Orders, 1899-1900' and 'Brigade Orders', and microfilm copies of three scrapbooks of cuttings relating to Bethune's Mounted Infantry in South Africa, 1899-1900, including detailed accounts of specific actions.

Bethune, Sir Edward Cecil, 1855-1930, Knight, Lieutenant General

BINNEY, Adm Sir Hugh (1883-1953)

  • BINNEY
  • Collection
  • 1942

Printed 'Report of the Board of Enquiry appointed to enquire into the circumstances in which the German Battle Cruisers (SCHARNHORST and GNEISENAU) and Prinz Eugen proceeded from Brest to Germany on 12th February, 1942, and on the operations undertaken to prevent this movement', Mar 1942, relating to Operation CERBERUS or the 'Channel dash', with typescript covering letter from Binney to AF Sir (Alfred) Dudley (Pickman Rogers) Pound, Mar 1942.

Binney, Sir Thomas Hugh, 1883-1953, Knight, Admiral

BIRD, (Cyril) Kenneth (1887-1965), alias Fougasse

  • K/PP57
  • Collection
  • 1936-1949

Published books, 1936-1949, written or illustrated by Fougasse, mainly comprising books of cartoons and war propaganda posters used during World War Two, 1939-1945: You have been warned: a complete guide to the road with W D H McCullough (Methuen & Co, 8th edition, London, 1936); Drawing the line somewhere (Methuen & Co, London, 1937); Stop or go: a diary for 1939 (Methuen & Co, London, 1938); ...and the Gatepost (Chatto & Windus, London, 1940); The changing face of Britain (Methuen & Co, 3rd edition, London, 1941); Aces made easy with W D H McCullough (Methuen & Co, 3rd edition, London, 1941); The Little Less...and how much it is with Guy Reed (HMSO, London, 1941); The luck of the draw (Methuen & Co, 5th edition, London, 1942); Running commentary (Methuen & Co, 2nd edition, London, 1942); Sorry-no rubber (Methuen & Co, London, 1942); Just a few lines verses by Arthur W Bird, drawings by Fougasse (Methuen & Co, 2nd edition, London, 1944); Home circle (Methuen & Co, London, 1945); A school of purposes: a selection of Fougasse posters, 1939-1945 (Methuen & Co, London, 1946); You and me (Methuen & Co, London, 1948); Question-mark: a journey round the world by Donald McCullough, illustrated by Fougasse (Paul Elek, London, 1949).

Bird, Cyril Kenneth, 1887-1965, cartoonist and illustrator, called Fougasse

BIRD, Lt Col Aylmer Douglas Wilberforce (1908-1972)

  • BIRD
  • Collection
  • 1857-1972

Papers relating to his military career, 1937-1972, principally comprising recruitment poster for North Staffordshire Regt, 1937; unsigned account of operations of 2 Bn North Staffs Regt, France, 12 May-1 Jun 1940, written in [1940]; unsigned account of operations of 6 Bn North Staffordshire Regt, France, 1 Jul-31 Aug 1944, written in [1944]; The Battle of Flanders by Kenneth Adam (Hutchinson and Co, London, 1940); papers relating to his service with North Staffordshire Regt in Trieste, 1951-1953, principally comprising press cuttings concerning protests against the Allied Military Government in Trieste, 1953, and official photographs of visit by Adm Louis (Francis Albert Victor Nicholas) Mountbatten, 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma, Commander-in-Chief, Mediterranean Fleet, [1952-1953]; copies of letters written to his family during his service in Korea, 1953-1954; press cuttings relating to evacuation of Allied troops from Dunkirk, France, 1940. Papers relating to Bird's grandfather Gen James Lewis Bird, 1857- 1938, notably including copy of a letter from Gen James Lewis Bird to his sister Pamela, 2 Jun 1857, describing the outbreak of the Indian Mutiny at Meerut, India, May-Jun 1857.

Bird, Aylmer Douglas Wilberforce, 1908-1972, Lieutenant Colonel

BISHOP, Maj Gen Sir Alexander (1897-1984)

  • BISHOP
  • Collection
  • 1971

Look back with pleasure', typescript memoirs covering his life and career, 1897-1965, notably his service in Mesopotamia and Palestine, 1915-1918, India, 1919-1925 and 1957-1962, Africa, 1939-1944, Germany, 1945-1950, and Cyprus, 1964-1965, written in 1971.

Bishop, Sir William Henry Alexander, 1897-1984, Major General

BLAGROVE, Capt Peter (1889-1969)

  • BLAGROVE, P
  • Collection
  • 1915-1917

Copies of papers relating to his service in France, 1917, principally comprising orders and summaries of operations for Royal Field Artillery, 12 Div, 1917, orders, maps and timetables relating to trench mortar batteries on the Somme front, Jul-Sep 1917, and General Staff publications on wiring, signalling, the employment of guns and trench mortars captured from the enemy, and 2 Army operations, 1917; copies of correspondence, 1915-1917, 1969-1970, mainly letters written by Blagrove from the Somme front to his father, Col Henry John Blagrove, 1916-1917.

Blagrove, Peter, 1889-1969, Captain

BLAGROVE, Col Henry John (1854-1925)

  • BLAGROVE, HJ
  • Collection
  • 1899-1904

Copies of papers relating to his service in the Boer War, 1899-1901, notably two letters from E A Wiggin, giving an account of operations around Greylingstad, July 1900, sketches and notes on scenes of action, [1900], including Spion Kop; notes by way of transcript of statements of witnesses, including Kriegler himself, in the trial of S G Kriegler, a Boer spy, [1899-1901], war news bulletins published by the Boers, 1899-1900, two letters to Col Blagrove from Lt C E Jenkins, a prisoner in Piet Retief Jail, 1900, and printed minutes of Burgher Peace Committee meeting, 20 Dec 1900.

Blagrove, Henry John, 1854-1925, Colonel

BLAGROVE, Supt Edith Gordon (1895-1979)

  • BLAGROVE, EG
  • Collection
  • [1945]

Copies of papers relating to her work as an WRNS administrator at Bletchley Park Decoding Centre, notably two drafts of a text on WRNS at Bletchley Park, [1945], an account of the employment of WRNS at Bletchley Park and outstations, [1945]; copy photograph of Blagrove and her assistant Doreen Scott, [1944], and photocopies of photographs of buildings and WRNS personnel at Walton Hall, Wavenden, Gayhurst and Eastcote, 1944-1945; copies of papers relating to a reunion of ex-HMS PEMBROKE V WRNS personnel, 1978, notably a text of Blagrove's speech on HMS PEMBROKE V and an attendance list; copy of obituary from The Wren, Jun 1979.

Blagrove, Edith Gordon, 1895-1979, Superintendant WRNS

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