The records of the Department of Mathematics at King's College London include minutes, correspondence and papers, 1969-1990; notably minutes of departmental meetings, 1972-1984 (ref: 1996/KDM/F2); correspondence relating to the strategic planning of the department, arrangement of teaching, examinations and finance, 1985-1989 (ref: 1995/KDM); correspondence, mainly between Brian Davies, Professor of Mathematics, King's College London, and staff of other university departments of mathematics in the United Kingdom, the United States and Europe, concerning publications and copyright, symposia and conferences, with some material concerning personnel including sabbaticals and lecture invitations and a small quantity of material describing mathematical problems, 1969-1990 (ref: 1997/KDM); papers relating to the Chair of Mathematics, 1983-1989 (ref: 1996/KDM/F1); typescript draft of part of an edition of the works of Alan Turing, fellow of King's College Cambridge and cryptographer, 1990 (ref: 1995/KDM).

Papers relating to [Parliamentary] Arms Control and Disarmament Advisory Panel, 1966-1967, mainlyconcerning the study group set up to consider the problems of a comprehensive nuclear test ban, notably including Martin's paper 'Considerations affecting an extension of the test ban', 1966; typescript texts on the test ban by other members of the study group, namely Professor Rudolf Ernst Peierls, and Sir John (Douglas) Cockcroft, 1966; typescript 'Comments on criticisms of the proposal (22 December 1965) for 'Regional arms limitation in Europe'', by R Adm Anthony Wass Buzzard, 1966; 'Safeguards on plutonium', typescript text by Leonard Beaton, 1966.

Faculty of Life Sciences/School of Life Sciences material at King's College London comprises minutes, correspondence, memoranda and personnel files, 1976- 1998. These notably include the School general files, 1990-1994; Divisional Executive Committee minutes, 1989-1996; papers relating to the strategic direction of the Faculty and School including the Subject Area Review Committee (SARC); typescript Strategic Plan, 1989-1993; minutes of the King's College London Academic Policy Group, 1990-1994; minutes of the King's Planning and Resources Committee, 1989-1994; papers relating to the merger of King's with the United Medical and Dental Schools, 1991-1993; minutes of the Academic Committee of the School of Biological Sciences, 1976- 1984; papers relating to the Interdisciplinary Research Centre, 1988-1989; correspondence concerning the establishment and function of the Centre for Mental Health Services Development, 1992-1993; correspondence on the International Centre for Underutilised Crops, King's College, 1991; research funding memoranda, correspondence and reports, notably with the Science and Engineering Research Council, 1988-1994; correspondence concerning student prizes in the Faculties of Natural Science and Engineering, 1978-1990; papers relating to a legal case involving the Department of Biochemistry, 1987; Divisional staff appointments, 1987; some staff personnel files, 1979-1998.

The records of King's College London Library consist of committee minutes, correspondence, memoranda and other papers, 1830-1998. These include the principal Library Committee minutes and correspondence , 1871-1994; Library Resources Co-ordinating Committee (LRCC) minutes and papers, 1974-1993; Library Services Management Team papers, 1990-1994; minutes of the Strand Campus Users Committee, 1987-1990; minutes, correspondence, reports and memoranda concerning the strategic planning and general policy of the Library including Library Reports, 1987-1990, quinquennia, the University Grants Committee, building, mergers, individual campus libraries committee minutes and overall Library aims and objectives, 1925-1994; papers relating to grants, expenditure and finance, including invoices, 1933-1993; general papers concerning the day-to-day management of the Library including constituent libraries, Second World War disruption, security issues, noise, user/reader services, information retrieval and cataloguing, rare books and Special Collections, policy on periodical subscription, binding and repair, interlibrary loans, publicity and relations with the Students' Union, 1932-1995; correspondence with departments, faculties and schools concerning accessioning policies, 1934-1992; register of borrowers, 1845-1854, 1962-1968, and general correspondence with readers, 1946-1993; papers relating to Library equipment including automation, 1986-1992; papers on building and planning, including the Library Planning and Accommodation Sub-committee, notes on Strand libraries, Cornwall House, Manresa Road, Chelsea, and Hampstead sites, 1948-1993; papers relating to staff and staffing levels, including lists, appointments, appraisals, questionnaires, staff meeting minutes and establishment papers, 1933-1997; individual personnel records of Library staff, 1957-1998; manuscript and typescript Library catalogues and shelf lists, including the Marsden Library, 1830-1993; papers relating to stock, including stock checks and transfers, 1989-1994, accessions registers, 1847, 1932-1975, correspondence and registers of gifts and bequests, including the private papers of academics, 1898-1992, indexes to journals and serials, 1931-[1963]; 1986-1992; papers of Hedwig Pollock, rare book librarian, 1943-1967, including professional correspondence, detailed descriptions of very rare books and manuscript texts and some fragments from a 16th century volume; papers relating to the Liddell Hart Centre for Military Archives and Library, including correspondence with Trustees, minutes of the Trustees and external funding, 1959-1996; interlibrary co-operation and computerised data collection and librarianship including the Standing Conference of Librarians of Libraries of the University of London, Consortium of University Research Libraries (CURL), British Library Research and Development Department, Monitoring and Assessment Research Centre (MARC), Arts and Humanities Data Service (AHDS), European Union Trans-European Mobility Scheme for University Studies (TEMPUS) and Standing Conference of National and University Libraries (SCONUL), 1955-1998.

Chelsea College Library records, 1895-1987, comprise papers collected by the College Library or describing the work of the Library on the Chelsea campus following the merger with King's College in 1985, notably correspondence with the College Secretary and departments, 1974-1980; papers relating to Library computerisation, 1979-1987; staffing and salary matters, 1978-1985; University Grants Committee papers on libraries, 1974-1982; History and Philosophy of Science Library correspondence and bibliography, 1964-1987; Chelsea Campus Libraries Users Committee notes, 1985-1987; finance, 1975-1977; concerning the College History Collection, 1965-1974; notes relating to building and planning at the King's Road site, 1971-1987; University of London merger and other papers, 1978-1983; reports on medical education in London, 1980; concerning Library private papers, 1949-1970; Library Annual Reports, 1963-1987 (1992/CAL, CAL/1986); correspondence concerning Library donors and Zoology reprints, 1967-1985 (Ref: 1986/CAL); accessions registers, 1921-1975 (Ref: CAL/RG); lists of current periodicals, 1960-1974 (Ref: CAL/RGJ); payments books for stock, equipment and expenses, 1960-1973 (Ref: CAL/CB); Library staff personnel files for leavers between 1970-1976 (Ref: CAL/FP); material concerning the history of the College accumulated by the Library, including charters, official reports, with some press cuttings, 1914-1981 (Ref: CAL/H).

Records, 1868-1911, of King's College School, including annual lists of pupils and amounts paid for books, 1868-1896, and indexes of books in use [late 19th century] (Ref: KS/LI); papers on the removal of the School to Wimbledon, 1897; cash accounts for Trustees meetings, 1897-1900; correspondence on raising funds for the School, 1902-1903; correspondence on the financial consequences of severance of the School from King's College London, 1905-1906; applications for the headmastership, 1906; correspondence on a proposal for a pupils' boarding house in Wimbledon, 1909-1910; correspondence and papers on School affairs including transfer of the School from King's College London, financial affairs, the new governing body, and applications for the headmastership, 1909-1911 (Ref: KS/F).

Records, 1878-1939, of King's College London Ladies' and Women's Departments and King's College for Women from inception, and including material postdating absorption by King's College London in 1915. Comprising minutes, 1878-1928, including the Executive Committee of the Ladies' Department, 1878-1902, Committee of Management of the Women's Department, 1902-1910, Committee of Management of King's College for Women, 1910-1913, King's College for Women Delegacy, 1913-1915, Board of Principal Teachers of King's College for Women, 1910-1928, King's College for Women Board of Studies for Home Science and Economics, 1908-1914, and various finance committees from 1891 and other subordinate committees; agendas and draft minutes, 1885-1915; accounts, 1878-1916, comprising annual balances, 1878-1885, termly balances, 1889-1890, printed balance sheets, 1878-1905 (incomplete) with annual reports to the Committee of Management to 1887, comparative statements of income and expenditure, 1904-1916, printed accounts, 1910-1914, estimates, 1913-1915, and memoranda on estimates, 1914-1916; ledgers, 1890-1910, and journal, 1890-1896; cash books, 1890-1919; fees books, 1906-1919, and miscellaneous vouchers, receipts and bills, 1907-1914; warden's outletter books, 1910-1915; general and policy files, 1899-1919, on subjects including scholarships and prizes, courses, staff appointments, incorporation into the University of London, development of the college including establishment of the home science course, proposed amalgamation with King's College, and files relating to administration after amalgamation with King's College London in 1915, including proposed acquisition of a hostel for women; building and maintenance files, 1882-1917, including premises in Kensington Square; student address books, 1894-1917 and undated, most including details of courses being taken; record books, 1897-1918, with students' details; registers of attendance for various courses, 1909-1914; registers, 1878-1919, including exam class lists and lists of students; miscellaneous records, 1901-1914, comprising some student records and a manual of instructions for the Bursar; syllabi and prospectuses, 1878-1916; scrapbooks, 1888-1910, including lecture notices and press cuttings; rough notes summarising a course of lectures on hygiene and sanitation, 1913; printed ephemera, 1888-1923, with material postdating fusion with King's College in 1915, including historical sketch of King's College Ladies' Department, c1902, undated history of nos 11-12 Kensington Square, lectures, reports, prospectuses, and an appeal for the Home Science Department, 1914; material relating to King's College Hostel for Women, 58 Queensborough Terrace, Bayswater, 1921-1939, including minutes of the management committee, ledgers, cash books, wages books and inventory; 16mm film of King's College for Women staff and students, 1927-1928, with explanatory notes; entrance schedules for arts and sciences, 1914-1921, giving students' details; papers and correspondence, 1880-1924, on general administration, buildings and accommodation at Kensington Square and Bayswater, grants to the College, staff appointments, and transfer of King's College for Women to King's College and the future of the Home Science Department.

Bound editions of the K-H News-Letter, 1936-1941, the National News-Letter, 1941-1957, and the King-Hall News-Letter, 1958-1959. Bound editions of Personal letters, 1946-1954. Editions of seven books and pamphlets by King-Hall, World history. An outline from the earliest times to the present day for the young of all ages (K-H Services, London, 1948), North Americandiary (K-H Services, London, 1949), Men of destiny or the moment of no return (K-H Services, London, 1960), Moment of no return (Ballantine Books, New York, 1961), Power politics in the nuclear age (Victor Gollancz, London, 1962), Common sense in defence (K-H Services, London, 1962) and Parliament viewing hall: a look-listen room. A scheme to enable more people to see and hear the proceedings of Parliament, with Gerald F Sheard (K-H Services, London, 1963). Editions of seven books and pamphlets published by King-Hall, United Europe. A short history of the idea by Sydney D Bailey (National News-Letter, London, 1948), The state of Britishindustry by S E Davson (National News-Letter, London, 1948), India, Pakistan in world politics by Jossleyn Hennessy (National News-Letter, London, 1949), What is Communism? by John Plamervatz (National News-Letter, London, 1949), Snorky, a stanley crane by Kay King-Hall (K-H Services, London, 1961), The peace race by Seymour Melman (Ballantine Books, New York, 1961) and National incomes policy, a democratic plan by Elliott Jaques (K-H Services, London, 1963).

The John F Kennedy National Security Files, 1961-1963, reproduces in microfilm memoranda, cables, intelligence projections, telegrams, conversations, correspondence and special studies relating specifically to the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) and Central Europe, Asia and the Pacific and Western Europe. The collection provides documents maintained and organised by NSC adviser McGeorge Bundy and his staff of 'New Frontiersmen' and relate to foreign policy and national security issues including US attempts to achieve a state of détente with the Soviet Union, 1961-1963; US political, ideological and psychological perceptions of the First Secretary of the Soviet Communist Party, Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchev, 1961-1963; the development of nuclear weapons technology and the massive build-up of nuclear deterrent forces, 1961-1963; the expansion and modernisation of US conventional forces to permit a 'flexible response' to Third World threats, 1961-1963; the establishment of guerrilla warfare programmes, 1961-1963; increased US economic and technical aid to the Third World under the Alliance for Progress; the Berlin Crisis and the resultant construction of the Berlin Wall, Aug 1961; statements issued by Deputy Secretary of Defense Roswell Gilpatric relating to American nuclear second strike capabilities, 1961; the Cuban Missile Crisis and its aftermath, 1962; Kennedy's promotion of the 'Grand Design', increased economic and military trade with Europe; US reactions to growing West European scepticism of US nuclear deterrence; the increased US political and military commitment to Vietnam, including mention of the South Vietnamese military coup d'état which overthrew President, Ngo Dinh Diem, 1 Nov 1963.

Iran: The Making of US Policy, 1977- 1980, is a themed microfiche collection which presents an integrated record of US foreign policy relating to Iran, 20 Jan 1977-29 Jan 1980. Included are memoranda, cabled messages, US embassy and consulate messages, Department of State reports, Central Intelligence Agency reports, US National Security Council reports and studies, and academic historical and political studies of the Middle East generally and Iran specifically, 21 Jan 1943-30 Apr 1980. Although the focus of this document set is on the 1977-1980 period, nearly one-third of the documents listed in the catalogue relate to the period prior to 1977. These are materials that were used in the preparation of the major internal inter-agency review of US-Iranian relations, the US Department of State 'White Paper'. The collection covers the beginning of the popular protests and mass demonstrations that resulted in the Iranian revolution of Feb 1979, which overthrew the pro-American monarchy of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, Shah of Iran, and established the Islamic Republic of Iran. The collection also covers efforts by the US and the Iranian Provisional Government under Prime Minister Mehdi Bazargan to normalise relations between Iran and the US, which were frustrated by challenges from Islamic organisations including the Revolutionary Council. The collection records in detail the US reaction to the Iranian Constitutional Assembly, which pitted secular against religious forces during the drafting of the new constitution and which led to the formal establishment of a theocracy and the loss of Iran as a US strategic ally, Feb-Jun 1979. Documents include US Department of State report detailing the stability of Iran under the Shah and the effectiveness of SAVAK, the Iranian domestic and foreign intelligence agency, as a law enforcement agency, 28 Jan 1977; US Embassy, Teheran, Annual Policy and Resource Assessment report identifying US interests in Iran as stable, 4 Apr 1977; briefing paper for Cyrus Roberts Vance, US Secretary of State, for his first visit with the Shah, 30 Apr 1977; Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) report affirming the stability of the Iranian political regime, Aug 1977; US Department of State cables relating to the police suppression of anti-Shah demonstrations at Qom, the religious centre of Iran's Shiite community, and the resulting series of mass demonstrations against the Shah, Jan-Dec 1978; US Department of State inspection memorandum describing US relations with Iran as excellent, 4 May 1978; US Department of State memoranda concerning meeting of 13 May 1978, at which chief Iranian military and security personnel devised plans to deal with the rise of anti- government demonstrations, 23 May 1978; cable from William H Sullivan, US Ambassador to Iran, relating to the increasing dissent in Iran and the Shah's fears of the religious opposition to his monarchy presented by Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, 1 Jun 1978; US Department of State airgram relating to meeting held between the Shah and Nasser Moghaddam, Director of SAVAK, in which the Shah ordered that all future demonstrations be broken up by force, 22 Jul 1978; US Department of State cable concerning the Iranian armed forces being put on alert in all major towns in Iran following a series of anti-government bombings, 14 Aug 1978; reports from the US Embassy, Teheran, relating to the 'Black Friday' massacre of anti-government protesters in Jelah Square, Teheran, 8 Sep 1978; US Department of State cable relating to riots in Teheran resulting in the destruction of Western businesses and the occupation of the British Embassy, Teheran, 5 Nov 1978; Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) report relating to the wave of anti-government protests in Iran during the spring of 1978, 5 Nov 1978; US Department of State cable from Ambassador Sullivan to the White House urging the US government to consider that the Shah may have to abdicate in favour of a coalition government, 9 Nov 1978; Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) profile of Khomeini describing him as the central figure in the anti-Shah movement and his proposed regime as xenophobic and hostile towards Western interests in the region, 20 Nov 1978; US Embassy reports to Washington, DC, relating to the Shah's departure from Iran, Jan 1979; US Department of State cables relating to the return of Khomeini to Iran from Paris, France, and his subsequent demands for the resignation of the Iranian Provisional Government, Feb 1979; US Embassy reports relating to the establishment of the Islamic Revolutionary Council under the leadership of Khomeini, Feb 1979; US Department of State cables relating to the deteriorating civil situation in Iran and growing anti-US sentiments, culminating in the seizure of the US Embassy, Teheran, and 66 of its employees, Feb-Nov 1979.

General and policy files, 1875-1977, of the Headmaster of the Strand School, comprising correspondence and papers on the Civil Service Department, King's College London, including a formal agreement between King's College London and William Braginton for him to conduct classes at the College for the second class clerkship in the Civil Service, 1875, Headmaster's reports, 1898-1911, staff appointments, details on pupils, examinations, syllabus and other subjects, and removal of the girls' classes to Red Lion Square, Holborn, 1909 (Ref: KSS/GPF1); records on buildings and property, including laboratories and sports facilities, 1900-1908 (Ref: KSS/GPF2); records on staff appointments and related matters, 1892-1910, 1956-1957, 1965-1969 (Ref: KSS/GPF3); general files, including the move of the Strand School and resignation of William Braginton, 1906-1911, proposed reorganisation or closure of the school, 1956-1977, and school trips, 1960-1964 (Ref: KSS/GPF4); drafting of lesson and exam timetables and selection of subjects by pupils, 1956-1969 (Ref: KSS/GPF5); records relating to annual prize-givings, 1956-1968 (Ref: KSS/GPF6); records relating to London County Council, including recognition of and grants to the school, 1897-1913, records relating to conference of Headmasters and mistresses of LCC maintained schools, 1942-1946, and records of the LCC School Care Committee on individual pupils, 1969-1970 (Ref: KSS/GPF7); records on recognition of school, inspections by the Ministry of Education, and other matters, 1899-1913, 1956, and statistics on pupils and staff, 1957-1970 (Ref: KSS/GPF8); records relating to other outside bodies, the subjects including examinations, 1902, 1908 and undated (Ref: KSS/GPF9).

Manuscript notes by Hubert Hall on the Red Book of the Exchequer (a volume, originating in the 13th century, containing precedents and memoranda), undated [1896].

Thirty seven typescript speeches and texts of lectures, given by Graham, 1972-1991, mostly relating to the Middle East, Anglo-American relations, Rhodesia, 1977, the Iranian revolution, 1979, the Iran-Iraq War, 1980-1988, NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organisation), and the Gulf War, 1990-1991, notably 'The Middle East', 1972, with copy of UN Security Council Resolution 242 relating to the Arab-Israeli Six Day War, 1967, and copy of speech on the Middle East by Rt Hon Sir Alec (AlexanderFrederick) Douglas-Home, Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs, given to Harrogate Conservative Party, Oct 1970; address to NATO Defence College, 'Developments outside the NATO area in the next 15 years of concern to the Alliance', Feb 1985; article 'The Iran-Iraq war - eight years on', written for NATO's sixteen nations, Nov 1987; article, 'Reflections on the Gulf Crisis', Nov 1990, with briefing notes on the Gulf Crisis from Martin Fuller, Research Department, Foreign and Commonwealth Office, and related press cuttings, 1990.

The records of King's College London Department of Geography include staff committee minutes, correspondence, working papers and publications, 1930-1996; most notably departmental staff committee minutes, 1980-1993; papers relating to the organisation and reorganisation of the department and the implications for geography of the merger of King's with Queen Elizabeth and Chelsea Colleges, 1967-1988; papers relating to the Faculty of Arts, King's College London, 1987-1989; papers relating to research income in the department, 1983-1996; correspondence on appointments to the staff and concerning personnel in general, 1990-1994; staff-student committee minutes, 1969-1990; correspondence with the London School of Economics, 1981-1989; correspondence and statistics relating to the Board of Examiners and examination results, 1980-1987; correspondence concerning proposals for new Domesday survey, 1982; papers including correspondence, typescript reports and printed pamphlets on overseas field expeditions, 1982-1984; minutes, correspondence and safety guidelines relating to the Management Committee of the Rogate Field Centre, the biological, geographical and geological study centre opened in West Sussex in 1968, 1968-1993; working papers and enrolment forms concerning the European Community ERASMUS programme to facilitate co- operation between European universities, 1991-1996; teaching schedules, course information and syllabuses, 1967-1990; minutes, correspondence and printed reports of the King's College and London School of Economics Joint School Society, 1980-1992; MSc thesis by David Linton, lecturer in Geography at King's College, on drainage in Wessex, 1930; typescript copy of a draft of book by Professor John Thornes and Professor Denys Brunsden entitled Geomorphology and time (London, 1977); offprints of articles by David Linton and other members of staff including in the Scottish geographical magazine and Geographical journal on topics ranging from glaciation and drainage to human populations, 1932-1971; printed reports and bibliographies concerning Geography departmental expeditions and the published work of Sidney William Wooldridge, Professor of Geography, King's College, 1964-1966.

Financial records of Queen Elizabeth College and predecessor bodies, 1913-1985, comprising general ledgers, 1934-1973, departments ledgers, 1916-1953, College bodies ledgers, 1924-1954, pensions ledgers, 1924-1980, and Trusts ledgers, 1913-1984 (Ref: QA/L); general journals, 1914-1973, and pensions journals, 1931-1964 (Ref: QA/J); general cash books, 1934-1981, departments cash books, 1916-1953, College bodies cash books, 1924-1953, pensions cash books, 1921-1978, and Trusts cash books, 1913-1985 (Ref: QA/CB); general petty cash books, 1942-1973 (Ref: QA/PCB); wages books, 1946-1977 (Ref: QA/WB); salaries books, 1937-1969 (Ref: QA/SAB); student fees books, 1958-1975 (Ref: QA/SFB); committee books (accounts), 1964-1975 (Ref: QA/ACC); and accountant's records, 1923-1982, including statements of account and correspondence files, the subjects including College property, staff and pensions (Ref: QAF).

Financial records of King's College London, 1828-1990, comprising bills, 1828-1895 (Ref: KA/BB); ledgers, 1829-1980 (Ref: KA/L, KFT/L, KHP/L); journals, 1829-1977 (Ref: KA/J, KHP/J); cashbooks, 1829-1983 (Ref: KA/CB, KA/CBD, KA/MF, KFT/CB, KH/CB, KHV/CB, KHP/CB, KHW/CB, KHH/CB); account books, 1828-1959 (Ref: KA/AB, KAF/WPB); bursary and trust account and scholarship books (Ref: KA/BT); salaries and wages books, 1849-1981 (Ref: KA/SAB, KA/WSB); fees books, 1831-1972 (Ref: KA/SAB, KA/WSB, KA/PFB, KA/SFB, KA/MFB). Financial records were usually compiled by the College clerks under the direction of the College Secretary.

South-Western Polytechnic, Chelsea Polytechnic, Chelsea College of Science and Technology, Chelsea College Financial Records, 1888-1983. These consist of bound sets of annual accounts, 1895-1983 (Ref: C/ACC); salaries books for academic and non-academic staff, 1898-1966 (Ref: CA/SAB); wages signature books, 1913-1962 (Ref: CA/WSB); ledgers, 1891-1964 (Ref: CA/L); cash books, 1888- 1930 (Ref: CA/CB); payments cash books, 1895-1963 (Ref: CA/CB); finance journals, 1932-1963 (Ref: CA/J); staff payroll files, 1985-1986 (Ref: CAF/FP); fees book registers for day classes, 1895-[1928], fees book registers for evening classes, 1897-1915 (Ref: CA/SFB), statistics books, 1907-1938 (Ref: CA/STATS), miscellaneous register, 1897-[1913] (Ref: CA/REG). Information contained in fees books typically includes name, age, occupation, classes, time per week and fees. Statistics books contain information on terms kept, student hours per registration, per subject and class entries per term. The miscellaneous register contains lists of certificates awarded to students, the wording on them and distribution details.

Complete transcripts of 38 filmed interviews concerning events leading up to the 9 Nov 1989 when the border between the German Democratic Republic (East Germany) and the Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany) was opened, and the demolition of the Berlin Wall began. The interviews were recorded for the production of the television documentary _Fall of the Wall, _which was broadcast in 1994. The collection also includes programme scripts and press releases for each of the hour long documentary episodes titled 'A Hole in the Wall' and 'The Fatal Error'. Interviewees were either present or involved in the decisions and events which led up to the final destruction of the wall and include government leaders in Czechoslovakia, Hungary, German Democratic Republic (GDR), Federal Republic of Germany (FRG), and the Soviet Union, government officials and Politburo members, organisers of the Pan European Picnic, 19 Aug 1989, East German and Czechoslovakian civilians, border guards and security forces, a Foreign Ambassador, and an East German dissident. Most notable are Mikhail Gorbachev, Soviet leader 1985 - 1991, Hans Dietrich Genscher, West German Foreign Minister during 1989, Miklós Németh, Hungarian Prime Minister 1988 - 1990, Milos Jakes (First Secretary of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia 1987 - 1989, and Egon Krenz, East German General Secretary of the Socialist Unity (Communist) Party and Chairman of Council of State Oct - Dec 1989. Subjects discussed include the significance of Soviet policies under Mikhail Gorbachev and Eduard Scheverdnadze such as perestroika and glasnost, the demise of the Breshnev doctrine on Soviet intervention and the Warsaw Pact; reforming influences in government in Poland, Hungary and Czechoslovakia; tacit support of West Germany and the USA for soviet reformers and later agreements for provision of economic aid; Hungary's signing of the Convention relating to the Status of Refugees of 28 July 1951 , Mar 1989; Hungary's announcement that is will cease to maintain its electronic border fence, 2 May 1989; the visit of Gyula Horn, Hungarian Foreign Minister, and Alois Mock, Austrian Foreign Minister, to Sopron, Hungary to view the dismantling of the fence, 28 Jun 1989; visit of George Bush, US President, to Budapest, 11-13 Jul 1989; origin and development of plan to hold a Pan European Picnic at Sopron on 19 Aug 1989, an event promoted by the Democratic Forum under the patronage of Otto Von Habsburg and Imre Poszgay, to mark the dismantling of the fence; meetings between Hungarian and West German leaders concerning the Hungarian border opening; West Germany's principle of accepting all East Germans refugees; arrangements for a ceremonial crossing of the border by an official party during the Pan European Picnic which were upstaged by a group of East German refugees forcing the gates to cross into Austria; peaceful response of the Hungarian border guards; East German 'tourists' in Czechoslovakia seeking refuge in the West German Embassy in Prague, Czechoslovakia; the Fortieth anniversary celebrations of the German Democratic Republic (GDR) on 7 Oct 1989 and visit of Mikhail Gorbachev and other soviet state leaders; the East German government agreement to issue allow these refugees to legally cross to West Germany; special transport trains were passing through East Germany to the west; rioting occurring in Dresden as trains passed through; popular demonstrations in Leipzig during Sep and Oct 1989; influx of troops and police brought in to quell the demonstration in Leipzig planned for 9 Oct 1989 and diffusion of this situation; the resignation of Erich Honecker as East German head of state and party leader, 19 Oct 1989; succession of Egon Krenz as East German leader; East German television announcement of general issue of exit visas for East Germans citizens; and the forcing of the border between East and West Berlin on the evening of 9 Nov 1989.